Reflection, refraction, law, realapparent depth method, geometric optics. How much a wave is refracted is determined by the change in wave speed and the initial direction of wave propagation. To minimize the time we set the derivative of the time with respect to x equal to zero. State the laws of reflection and refraction, describe examples and apply the laws to simple. When polarized light encounters a dielectric interface, the polarization of the reflected and or refracted beams may be impacted. Reflection and refraction reflection and refraction are governed by two very simple laws. Ii the ratio of the sine of angle of incidence to the sine of angle of refraction is a constant, for the light of a given colour and for the given pair of media. Snells law also known as snelldescartes law and the law of refraction is a formula used to describe the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction, when referring to light or other waves passing through a boundary between two different isotropic media, such as water, glass, or air. As with reflection, these angles are measured from the normal line to the surface. Partially reflected bounces off surface partially transmitted through surface law of reflection angle of incidence angle of reflection. Reflection and refraction lab page 3 seeing reflection and refraction at the same time both refraction and reflection often occur when light hits a boundary between materials such as the boundary between glass and air. Using the law of reflection, explain how powder takes the shine off of a persons nose. Reflection is the change in the direction of a wave on a surface that allows it to return to its original medium or in the same line.
Rays of light parallel to the principal axis after reflection from a convex mirror get diverged and appear to come from a point behind the mirror. Reflection and refraction lab mbusd internet usage. When we talk about the speed of light, were usually talking about the speed of light in a vacuum, which is 3. A ray is equivalent to a very narrow beam of light, and it. A line drawn in the direction of propagation of light is called a ray of light. Light reflection and refraction notes for class 10 formulas download pdf. Reflection and refraction key points the ray model of light reflection and mirrors refraction, snells law.
Results table 2 laser and refraction cell data incident. Reflection and refraction tarleton state university. Snells law, where nr is the absolute refractive index of the medium in which the refracted ray travels second material, and ni is the absolute refractive index of the medium in which the incident ray travels. Reflection and refraction when light hits a surface, one or more of three things may happen. Refraction, snells law, and total internal reflection 32098 relevant sections in the book. If the index of refraction for a certain glass is 1. It is natural to treat the propagation of light in terms of rays. As expected from the law of reflection, the incident ray and the reflected ray both are at the same angle with respect to the normal. The law of reflection p p mirror or dielectric interface mit 2.
For the smallest possible incident angle of 0 the refracted ray is also at 0. Fermats principle and the laws of reflection and refraction. Light reflection and refraction 161 let us recall these laws i the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, and ii the incident ray, the normal to the mirror at the point of incidence and the reflected ray, all lie in the same plane. Note the angle of incidence is formed between the incident ray and the normal. To register science tuitions on to clear your doubts. In the case of double refraction of a normally incident ray of light, at least one of the. In physics, refraction is the change in direction of a wave passing from one medium to another or from a gradual change in the medium. Derive, recall and apply the relation between critical angle and refractive indices. The amount of light reflected or refracted depends on the angle at which you are looking relative to the surface. The angle of reflection is formed between the reflected ray and the normal. The incident ray, the normal to the surface and the reflected ray all lay on the same plane called the. What is the velocity of light in meters per second in a material with an index of 2. From fermats principle, one can derive a the law of reflection the angle of incidence is equal. The physics classroom grants teachers and other users the right to print this pdf document and to download this pdf document for private use.
According to the law of reflection, the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. Instructors are permitted to make and distribute copies for their classes. Determination of the refractive index of a glass block using law. Refraction and snells law reading shen and kong ch. Derivation of the laws of reflection and refraction.
Just like the normal force, the normal line is drawn perpendicular to the surface. Light rays change direction when they reflect off a surface, move from one transparent medium into another, or travel through a medium whose composition is continuously changing. Also, the first material has a socalled index of refraction n 1, and the second material has an index of refraction n 2. Refraction of light is the most commonly observed phenomenon, but other waves such as sound waves and water waves also experience refraction. Light reflection and refraction notes for class 10. These laws of reflection are applicable to all types of reflecting surfaces including spherical surfaces. An image is formed when the light rays coming from an object meet at a point after reflection from a mirror or refraction from lens. Snells law describes the relationship between the angles of the two light waves and the indices of refraction. Phy pack 4 refractive index law 2 produced by physics group, university of cape coast, as part of a delphe funded project title. Reflection and refraction wave fronts spherical waves are solutions to maxwells equations molecules scatter spherical waves spherical waves can add up to plane waves reflection and refraction from surfaces snells law mirages and prisms.
Reflection and refraction equipment acrylic block set, planeconcaveconvex universal mirror, cork board, cork board stand, pins, flashlight, protractor, ruler, mirror worksheet, rectangular block worksheet, equilateral prism worksheet, converging lens worksheet. Refraction, snells law, and total internal reflection. This activity will allow students to experience the law of reflection for themselves, as well as connect the lesson to a realworld product. The law of refraction also states that the refracted ray is in the same plane as the incident ray. Pdf vector formulations of the laws of reflection and. It is therefore easier to see diamonds in water than it is to see glass in air. Notes physics module 6 reflection and refraction of light optics and optical instruments 190 zthe ray of light parallel to the principal axis, on reflection, passes through the focus. For water and diamond, which has a refractive index of 2.
Reflection and refraction university of calgary in alberta. There are three laws which govern reflection and refraction. A law describing the refraction of a ray of light at the surface between two media, such that the product of the refractive index of the first medium and. Please send us your suggestion about the show, then. We also use the definition of the sine as opposite side over hypotenuse to relate the lengths to the angles of incidence and reflection. The law of refraction is simply the conservation of momentum its a collision at an angle. Even it is in conventional area as the additional do, you can log on the autograph. Vector formulations of the laws of reflection and refraction of forward and backward waves. You can enjoy this soft file pdf in any era you expect. State the laws of reflection and refraction, describe examples and apply the laws to simple examples involving plane boundaries.
Refractive index snells law group experiment lesson 5 3. The law of reflection states that, on reflection from a smooth surface, the angle of the reflected ray is equal to the angle of the incident ray. Physics 1103 the laws of reflection and refraction name. Determination of the refractive index of a glass block.
We consider a light wave travelling through medium 1 and striking medium 2. When you measure the law of reflection and the law of refraction, what is the advantage of making 2 measurements. From te analysis from phase matching from fermats principle of least time total internal reflection and fibers fios. Students will be able to use the terms luminous and illuminated to label a variety of objects. This is because the symmetric path pop has minimum length. Image formation due to refraction application of refraction 3. With reflection, light waves bounces off a medium while with refraction, light waves enter the medium and change direction. Cbse class 10 science chapter 10 light reflection and. Outline te and tm fields refraction and snells law. Law of refraction definition of law of refraction by the. Assume that the index of refraction of the acrylic is about 1. F f 7 4 terms used in the study of spherical mirrors. When light travels through something else, such as glass, diamond, or plastic, it travels at a different speed. When light falls on a highly polished surface like a mirror most of the light is sent back into the same medium.
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